Ungawukhetha njani umthombo wokukhanya we-LED ofanelekileyo ekukhanyeni komhlaba?
Ngemfuno ekhulayo yokonga amandla kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, sisebenzisa ngakumbi izibane ze-LED kuyilo lokukhanya komhlaba. Imarike ye-LED okwangoku ingumxube weentlanzi kunye nenamba, ezilungileyo nezimbi. Abavelisi abahlukeneyo kunye namashishini batyhala ngamandla ukuthengisa iimveliso zabo. Ngokubhekiselele kwesi siphithiphithi, umbono wethu ungcono ukumvumela ukuba athumele uvavanyo endaweni yokumamela.
I-Eurborn Co., Ltd iya kuqalisa ukukhethwa kwe-LED ekukhanyeni komhlaba kubandakanya ukubonakala, ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu, ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya, ukukhanya, ukufakwa, njl. . Ngaba uya kuyazi ngokwenene indlela yokukhetha umthombo wokukhanya we-LED olungileyo? Iiparamitha eziphambili zomthombo wokukhanya zezi: okwangoku, amandla, ukukhanya okukhanyayo, ukukhanya okukhanyayo, umbala okhanyayo kunye nokunikezelwa kombala. Ujoliso lwethu namhlanje kukuthetha ngezi zinto zimbini zokugqibela, siqale sithethe ngokufutshane ngezinto ezine zokuqala.
Okokuqala, sihlala sithi: "Zingaphi iiwatts zokukhanya endizifunayo?" Lo mkhwa kukuqhubeka nomthombo wokukhanya wemveli wangaphambili. Emva phayaa, umthombo wokukhanya wawunamanzi amaninzi amiselweyo, ngokusisiseko unokukhetha kuphela phakathi kwaloo wattages, awukwazi ukuyihlengahlengisa ngokukhululekileyo, kunye ne-LED yangoku, unikezelo lwamandla lutshintshile kancinci, amandla aya kutshintshwa ngoko nangoko! Xa kwaloo mthombo wokukhanya we-LED wokukhanya komhlaba uqhutywa ngamandla amakhulu, amandla aya kunyuka, kodwa oko kuya kubangela ukuncipha kokukhanya ekusebenzeni kakuhle kunye nokwanda kokubola kokukhanya. Nceda ubone umfanekiso ongezantsi
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukungafuneki = inkunkuma. Kodwa igcina ukusebenza ngoku kwe-LED. Xa i-drive yangoku ifikelela kumlinganiselo ophakamileyo ovumelekileyo phantsi kweemeko, ukunciphisa i-drive yangoku nge-1/3, i-diven flux ekhanyayo ilinganiselwe kakhulu, kodwa izibonelelo zikhulu:
Ukunciphisa ukukhanya kuncitshiswe kakhulu;
Ubude bobomi bandiswa kakhulu;
Ukuthembeka okuphuculweyo;
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu;
Ke ngoko, kumthombo wokukhanya we-LED olungileyo ekukhanyeni komhlaba, umsinga wokuqhuba kufuneka usebenzise malunga ne-70% yowona mzuzu uphezulu ulinganisiwe.
Kule meko, umyili kufuneka acele ngokuthe ngqo ukukhanya okukhanyayo. Ngokumalunga nokuba yeyiphi i-wattage yokusebenzisa, kufuneka igqitywe ngumenzi. Oku kukukhuthaza abavelisi ukuba balandele ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nozinzo, endaweni yokuncama ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nobomi ngokutyhala amanzi omthombo wokukhanya ngobumfama.
Oku kukhankanyiwe ngasentla kubandakanya ezi parameters: okwangoku, amandla, ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kunye nokunciphisa okukhanyayo. Kukho ubudlelwane obusondeleyo phakathi kwabo, kwaye kufuneka unikele ingqalelo kubo xa besetyenziswa: Yeyiphi eyona nto uyidinga ngokwenene?
Umbala okhanyayo
Ngexesha lemithombo yokukhanya yendabuko, xa kuziwa kwiqondo lokushisa lombala, wonke umntu ukhathalela kuphela "ukukhanya okuphuzi kunye nokukhanya okumhlophe", kungekhona ingxaki yokuphambuka kombala okhanyayo. Nangona kunjalo, iqondo lokushisa lombala womthombo wokukhanya wendabuko luhlobo kuphela, khetha nje enye, kwaye ngokubanzi ayiyi kuphosakela kakhulu. Kwixesha le-LED, sifumene ukuba umbala okhanyayo wokukhanya komhlaba unezinto ezininzi kunye naluphi na uhlobo. Nkqu ibhetshi efanayo amaso isibane inokuphambuka kuninzi engaqhelekanga, iiyantlukwano ezininzi.
Wonke umntu uthi i-LED ilungile, iyawonga umbane kwaye inobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Kodwa ngokwenene zininzi iinkampani ezenza ii-LED zibole! Oku kulandelayo yiprojekthi enkulu ethunyelwe ngabahlobo injongo Ukusetyenziswa kokwenyani kohlobo lwasekhaya oludumileyo lwezibane ze-LED kunye nezibane, jonga oku kusasazwa kokukhanya, oku kuhambelana kwamaqondo obushushu bombala, oku kukhanya kufiphele okwesibhakabhaka….
Ngenxa yesi siphithiphithi, umzi-mveliso wokukhanyisa i-LED othembekileyo othenjiswe kubathengi: "Izibane zethu zinombala wokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa ngaphakathi kwe-± 150K!" Xa inkampani isenza ukhetho lwemveliso, iinkcukacha zibonisa: "Ifuna ukutenxa kobushushu bombala weentsimbi zesibane ngaphakathi ± 150K"
Le 150K isekelwe kwisiphelo sokucaphula uncwadi lwemveli: "Ukuphambuka kobushushu bombala kungaphakathi kwe-± 150K, okunzima ukuba iliso lomntu libone." Bakholelwa ukuba ukuba ukushisa kombala "ngaphakathi kwe-± 150K" apho ukungahambelani kunokuphetshwa. Enyanisweni, akukho lula ngolo hlobo.
Njengomzekelo, kwigumbi lokuguga lalo mzi-mveliso, ndabona amaqela amabini eentsimbi zokukhanya ezinemibala yokukhanya ecacileyo eyahlukileyo. Elinye iqela lalimhlophe ngokufudumeleyo, yaye elinye lalinomkhethe. Njengoko kubonisiwe emfanekisweni, sinokuwufumana umahluko phakathi kwezibane zokukhanya ezimbini. Enye ibomvu kwaye enye iluhlaza. Ngokwale ngxelo ingentla, namehlo omntu ayakwazi ukuxelela umahluko, ngokuqinisekileyo umahluko wobushushu kufuneka ube ngaphezulu kwe-150K.
Njengoko unokutsho, imithombo emibini yokukhanya ekhangeleka yahluke ngokupheleleyo kwiliso lomntu inomahluko "ohambelana nombala wobushushu" we-20K kuphela!
Ngaba ayisosigqibo sokuba "ukutenxa kobushushu bombala kungaphakathi kwe-± 150K, kunzima ukuba iliso lomntu libone" lingalunganga? Sukuba nexhala, nceda ndivumele ndikucacisele kancinci: Mandithethe malunga neekhonsepthi ezimbini zobushushu bombala vs (CT) ubushushu bombala obunxibeleleneyo (CCT). Sihlala sibhekisa "kwiqondo lokushisa lombala" lomthombo wokukhanya ekukhanyeni komhlaba, kodwa enyanisweni, ngokuqhelekileyo sicaphula "ubushushu bombala ohambelanayo" ikholamu kwingxelo yovavanyo. Inkcazo yezi parameters zimbini "kwi-Architectural Lighting Design Standard GB50034-2013"
Ubushushu boMbala
Xa i-chromaticity yomthombo wokukhanya ifana neyomzimba omnyama kwiqondo elithile lobushushu, ubushushu obupheleleyo bomzimba omnyama bubushushu bombala bomthombo wokukhanya. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yichroma. Iyunithi nguK.
Ubushushu boMbala ohambelanayo
Xa indawo yechromaticity yomthombo wokukhanya ekukhanyeni komhlaba ingekho kwi-blackbody locus, kwaye i-chromaticity yomthombo wokukhanya ikufutshane nechromaticity yomntu omnyama kwiqondo lobushushu elithile, ubushushu obupheleleyo bomntu omnyama bubushushu bombala obunxibeleleneyo. yomthombo wokukhanya, ekubhekiswa kuwo njengobushushu bombala onxibeleleneyo. Iyunithi nguK.
Ubude kunye nobude kwimephu zibonisa indawo yesixeko, kwaye i (x, y) lungelelanisa ixabiso "kwimephu yolungelelwaniso lombala" ibonisa indawo yombala othile wokukhanya. Jonga umfanekiso ongezantsi, indawo (0.1, 0.8) iluhlaza ecocekileyo, kwaye indawo (07, 0.25) ibomvu ecocekileyo. Indawo ephakathi kukukhanya okumhlophe. Olu hlobo "lweqondo lobumhlophe" alunakuchazwa ngamagama, ngoko kukho ingcamango "yeqondo lokushisa lombala" Ukukhanya okukhutshwe yibhalbhu ye-tungsten filament kumaqondo okushisa ahlukeneyo kuboniswa njengomgca kumzobo wokulungelelanisa umbala, obizwa ngokuba "umzimba omnyama." locus", efinyeziweyo njenge-BBL, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi "Planck curve". Umbala okhutshwe yimitha yomzimba omnyama, amehlo ethu abukeka "njengokukhanya okumhlophe okuqhelekileyo." Nje ukuba ulungelelwaniso lombala womthombo wokukhanya utenxile kule gophe, sicinga ukuba uno "color cast".
Iglowubhu yethu yokukhanya ye-tungsten yokuqala, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yenziwe njani, umbala wayo okhanyayo unokuwela kuphela kulo mgca omele ukukhanya okubandayo kunye nokufudumala okumhlophe (umgca omnyama omnyama emfanekisweni). Sibiza umbala okhanyayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kulo mgca "Ubushushu boMbala" Ngoku ukuba itekhnoloji ihambele phambili, ukukhanya okumhlophe esikwenzileyo, umbala wokukhanya uwela kulo mgca. Sinokufumana kuphela indawo "ekufuphi" ubushushu bombala wale ndawo, kwaye uyibize ngokuthi "ubushushu bombala ohambelanayo Ngoku uyazi ukuba ukutenxa yi-± 150K nokuba imithombo yokukhanya iyafana ne-CCT, umbala okhanyayo unokwahluka kakhulu .
Yintoni Sondeza kwi-3000K "isotherm":
Umthombo wokukhanya we-LED ekukhanyeni komhlaba, akwanelanga ukutsho nje ukuba ubushushu bombala akwanelanga. Nokuba wonke umntu une-3000K, kuya kubakho imibala ebomvu okanye eluhlaza." Nasi isalathisi esitsha: i-SDM.
Usasebenzisa lo mzekelo ungasentla, ezi seti zimbini zemivalo yokukhanya, "ubushushu bombala obuhambelanayo" buhluke kuphela nge-20K! Kunokuthiwa iphantse ifane. Kodwa eneneni, ngokucacileyo zinemibala eyahlukileyo yokukhanya. Iphi ingxaki?
Nangona kunjalo, inyani yile: makhe sijonge umzobo wabo we-SDCM
Umfanekiso ongasentla ngumhlophe oshushu 3265K ngasekhohlo. Nceda uqaphele ichaphaza elincinane elimthubi ngasekunene kwe-ellipse eluhlaza, eyindawo yomthombo wokukhanya kwidayagram yechromaticity. Umfanekiso ongezantsi unombala oluhlaza ngakwesokudla, kwaye isikhundla sakhe siye saphuma ngaphandle kwe-oval ebomvu. Makhe sijonge iindawo zemithombo yokukhanya emibini kwidayagram yechromaticity kulo mzekelo ungasentla. Amaxabiso abo asondeleyo kwijiko lomzimba omnyama yi-3265K kunye ne-3282K, ebonakala ngathi yahluka nge-20K kuphela, kodwa eneneni umgama wabo ukude ~.
Akukho mgca we-3200K kwisoftware yovavanyo, kuphela i-3500K. Masizobe ngokwethu isangqa se-3200K:
Izangqa ezine ezityheli, eziluhlaza, eziluhlaza kunye nobomvu ngokulandelelana zimele i-1, 3, 5, kunye ne-7 "amanyathelo" ukusuka "kumbala okhanyayo ogqibeleleyo". Khumbula: xa umahluko kumbala okhanyayo ungaphakathi kwamanyathelo ama-5, iliso lomntu alikwazi ukuhlukanisa ngokusisiseko, oko kwanele. Umgangatho omtsha wesizwe uphinde uchaze: "Ukunyamezela kombala wokusebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya okufanayo akufanele kube mkhulu kune-5SDM."
Makhe sibone: Inqaku elilandelayo liphakathi kwamanyathelo ama-5 ombala okhanyayo "ogqibeleleyo". Sicinga ukuba mhle ngakumbi umbala okhanyayo. Ngokubhekiselele kwinqaku elingasentla, amanyathelo ayi-7 athathiweyo, kwaye iliso lomntu linokubona ngokucacileyo umbala wakhe.
Siza kusebenzisa i-SDCM ukuvavanya umbala okhanyayo, ngoko ukulinganisa njani le parameter? Kucetyiswa ukuba uzise i-spectrometer kunye nawe, akukho joke, i-spectrometer ephathekayo! Kuba ekukhanyeni komhlaba, ukuchaneka kombala okhanyayo kubaluleke kakhulu, kuba imibala ebomvu kunye neluhlaza imbi.
Kwaye olandelayo nguMbala weRenderingndex.
Ekukhanyeni komhlaba okufuna isalathiso sombala ophezulu kukukhanyiswa kwezakhiwo, ezifana nezixhobo zokuhlamba eludongeni ezisetyenziselwa ukukhanyisa umphezulu kunye nezibane ezisetyenziselwa ukukhanya komhlaba. Isalathiso sombala ophantsi siya konakalisa kakhulu ubuhle besakhiwo esikhanyayo okanye imbonakalo-mhlaba.
Kwizicelo zangaphakathi, ukubaluleka kwesalathiso sombala kubonakaliswa ngokukodwa kwiindawo zokuhlala, iivenkile ezithengisayo, kunye nezibane zehotele kunye nezinye izihlandlo. Kwimeko yeofisi, iimpawu zokunikezelwa kombala azibalulekanga kangako, kuba ukukhanya kweofisi yenzelwe ukubonelela ngokukhanya okugqwesileyo kokuqhutywa komsebenzi, kungekhona kwi-aesthetics.
Ukunikezelwa kombala kuyinkalo ebalulekileyo yokuvavanya umgangatho wokukhanyisa. Umbala we-Renderingndex yindlela ebalulekileyo yokuvavanya umbala wonikezelo lwemithombo yokukhanya. Yiparameter ebalulekileyo ukulinganisa iimpawu zombala wemithombo yokukhanya eyenziweyo. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukuvavanya imithombo yokukhanyisa eyenziweyo. Iziphumo zemveliso phantsi kweRa ezahlukeneyo:
Ngokuqhelekileyo, okukhona uphezulu umbala wonikezelo lwesalathiso, kokukhona unikezelo lombala womthombo wokukhanya ngcono kwaye komelela ukukwazi ukubuyisela umbala wento. Kodwa oku kuphela "kukuthetha ngesiqhelo". Ngaba oku kunjalo ngokwenene? Ngaba kuthembeke ngokupheleleyo ukusebenzisa isalathiso sokwenza umbala ukuvavanya amandla okuvelisa umbala kumthombo wokukhanya? Kuya kuba phantsi kwaziphi iimeko?
Ukuze sicacise le mibandela, simele siqale siqonde ukuba yintoni na isalathiso sombala obonisa indlela esiphuma ngayo. I-CIE iyibeke kakuhle iseti yeendlela zokuvavanya unikezelo lombala wemithombo yokukhanya. Isebenzisa iisampulu zemibala yovavanyo ezili-14, ezivavanyiweyo ngemithombo yokukhanya esemgangathweni ukufumana uluhlu lwamaxabiso okukhazimla okubonakalayo, kwaye ichaza ukuba isalathisi sombala wayo yi-100. iseti yeendlela zokubala. Iisampulu zemibala ezili-14 zovavanyo zezi zilandelayo:
Phakathi kwabo, iNombolo ye-1-8 isetyenziselwa ukuvavanya isalathisi sombala jikelele we-Ra, kunye nama-hues amele ama-8 ane-saturation ephakathi akhethiweyo. Ukongeza kwiisampulu zombala ezisibhozo ezisetyenziselwa ukubala isalathiso sombala jikelele, iCIE ikwabonelela ngeesampulu zombala ezintandathu ezisemgangathweni zokubala isalathiso sombala semibala ekhethekileyo ekukhetheni iimpawu ezithile ezikhethekileyo zonikezelo lwemibala yomthombo wokukhanya, ngokulandelelana, ihluzo. Amanqanaba aphezulu obomvu, ophuzi, oluhlaza, ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, waseYurophu kunye nombala wesikhumba waseMelika kunye namagqabi aluhlaza (No. 9-14). Indlela yokubala yomthombo wokukhanya welizwe lam iphinda yongeze iR15, isampulu yombala emele ulusu lwabafazi baseAsia.
Nantsi ingxaki ifika: ngokuqhelekileyo into esiyibiza ngokuba yi-color rendering index value Ra ifunyenwe ngokusekelwe kunikezelo lombala we-8 yeesampuli zombala eziqhelekileyo ngumthombo wokukhanya. Iisampulu ezi-8 zemibala zinekhroma ephakathi kunye nokukhanya, kwaye zonke ziyimibala engaxutywanga. Sisiphumo esihle ukulinganisa unikezelo lombala womthombo wokukhanya kunye ne-spectrum eqhubekayo kunye nebhendi yefrikhwensi ebanzi, kodwa iya kubangela iingxaki zokuvavanya umthombo wokukhanya kunye ne-wave wave kunye nebhendi emxinwa.
Isalathiso sombala wonikezelo u-Ra uphezulu, ngaba unikezelo lombala kufuneka lube luhle?
Umzekelo: Sivavanye i-2 ekukhanyeni komhlaba, jonga le mifanekiso mibini ilandelayo, umqolo wokuqala womfanekiso ngamnye kukusebenza komthombo wokukhanya osemgangathweni kwiisampuli zemibala eyahlukeneyo, kwaye umqolo wesibini kukusebenza komthombo wokukhanya we-LED ovavanyiweyo. iisampuli zombala ezahlukeneyo.
Isalathiso sombala sokubonisa le mithombo mibini yokukhanya kwe-LED ekukhanyeni komhlaba, ibalwe ngokwendlela yovavanyo eqhelekileyo, yile:
Lo ungasentla uneRa=80 kwaye osezantsi unoRa=67. Ukumangaliswa? Oyena nobangela? Enyanisweni, sele ndithethile ngayo ngasentla.
Kuyo nayiphi na indlela, kunokubakho iindawo apho ingasebenziyo. Ke, ukuba sithe ngqo kwisithuba esineemfuno ezingqongqo zombala, yeyiphi indlela esifanele sisebenzise ukugweba ukuba umthombo othile wokukhanya ukulungele na ukusetyenziswa? Indlela yam inokuba bubudenge kancinci: jonga kumthombo wokukhanya.
Oku kulandelayo kukuhanjiswa okubonakalayo kwemithombo emininzi yokukhanya eqhelekileyo, eyile imini (Ra100), isibane se-incandescent (Ra100), isibane se-fluorescent (Ra80), uhlobo oluthile lwe-LED (Ra93), isibane se-metal halide (Ra90).
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-27-2021
