Chaza umoya wedolobha
"Umoya wasemadolobheni" okokuqala yigama elilinganiselwe lesifunda, elibhekisela kumuntu ohlangene nobuntu obuvamile obubonakala endaweni ethile kanye nokuzwakala kwabantu abahlala endaweni ethile kanye nemvelo. Lolu uhlobo lwamagugu kanye nezici zamasiko. Ukuqaphela inqubekelaphambili yomphakathi. Idolobha ngalinye linenani lalo lencazelo elibonakalayo elingeyona eyezinye izigaba, ukuze kuthi lapho abantu bebiza igama laleli dolobha, lingavusa "indawo", "inkomba", kanye "nophawu". "Inkumbulo" iyaphuma. "Umoya wedolobha" uye wanda nezikhathi, futhi ukugqagqana komlando kuye kwavela.
Inhloso "yokulungisa kabusha" iwukuhlanganisa nokuthuthukisa, ifa kanye nokuchaza izici zomlando zedolobha, izahluko zasendulo zempucuko, izindaba zokuhlaliswa kwabantu, kanye nezinkumbulo ezivamile eziye zabhujiswa, ezingaphelele futhi zakhohlwa esikhathini esidlule. inkathi entsha, ukuze sibhekane nomphakathi wesikhathi esizayo. Isidingo. Ukwakhiwa kwedolobha lesimanje kubalulekile. Isimemezelo se-Machu Picchu ngo-1977 sathi "inhloso yohlelo lokongiwa kwemvelo iwukuqinisekisa ubudlelwano obunobunye phakathi kwedolobha eliwumlando kanye nendawo entsha yedolobha iyonke". Lokhu kusho ukuthi isakhiwo ngasinye asisahlali ngasodwa, kodwa kufanele sihlobane nayo yonke indawo, futhi ukuma nokuba khona kwayo yonke indawo kufanele kuhambisane "nomoya wedolobha."
"Ukubuyekeza" kufanele kube "i-organic update". Ukuhlelwa kwedolobha kuchaza kuphela imisebenzi kanye nenani lentuthuko yezifunda ezahlukene zedolobha ezingeni elikhulu, futhi kucacisa indlela yentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo yedolobha. Ukwakhiwa kwedolobha kubaluleke kakhulu ezingeni lokuhlela. Lena imithetho enemininingwane, ukuqaliswa nokusetshenziswa okuqondile. Ukubaluleka kokuvuselela kubonakala kumklamo othize wedolobha yonke imininingwane ihambisana nokuthungwa kwedolobha, ukuze amangqamuzana edolobha ngamanye kanye nezakhiwo zenhlangano zakhe i-organic yonke, exhumene futhi enanelwe ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Kulesi sigaba, "ukuvuselelwa" kwamadolobha aseShayina kungene ngokucacile ekungaqondini. Umgomo oyinhloko “wokwenza kabusha” uwukudiliza okudala nokwakha okusha, nokudiliza okudala nokukhiqiza kabusha okudala. Idolobha lilahlekelwa ukuqhubeka kwamagugu alo amasiko, futhi umoya wokuqala wendawo uye wadabula okwedlule kanye nekusasa ledolobha. Umongo wokuxhumana wesibuyekezo segama awuboni ngempela.
Ukushuba nomthelela womoya wasemadolobheni
Namuhla, ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kokukhula kwamadolobha, ukubukeka kwedolobha okufanayo kakhulu "kwemizi eyinkulungwane nohlangothi olulodwa" kuye kwavela. Idolobha lidinga isimo salo sangaphakathi ukuze sibonakale ezicini zalo zangaphandle. Isimo sasemadolobheni siwukuqoqwa komlando wedolobha ngesikhathi nendawo. Kafushane nje, wubuntu obujwayelekile babantu abahlala edolobheni, obuvezwa ngalobu buntu. Okufana nesibindi, umkhathi, omnene, obucayi njalonjalo. Kungase futhi kufingqwe njengesimo sezulu sedolobha, indawo yendawo, izimpawu eziyingqopha-mlando, izici zesigaba samagugu amasiko, nezinye izici ezihlukile ezenza abantu bahehe lapho beqala ukuzibona. Lokhu ukungena kokuphuma kwangaphakathi okungokomoya edolobheni (elimelwe abantu, impilo yabantu, indawo yokuhlala, ukudla, nokuziphatha njengezenzakalo).
Namuhla, ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kokukhula kwamadolobha, ukubukeka kwedolobha okufanayo kakhulu "kwemizi eyinkulungwane nohlangothi olulodwa" kuye kwavela. Idolobha lidinga isimo salo sangaphakathi ukuze sibonakale ezicini zalo zangaphandle. Isimo sasemadolobheni siwukuqoqwa komlando wedolobha ngesikhathi nendawo. Kafushane nje, wubuntu obujwayelekile babantu abahlala edolobheni, obuvezwa ngalobu buntu. Okufana nesibindi, umkhathi, omnene, obucayi njalonjalo. Kungase futhi kufingqwe njengesimo sezulu sedolobha, indawo yendawo, izimpawu eziyingqopha-mlando, izici zesigaba samagugu amasiko, nezinye izici ezihlukile ezenza abantu bahehe lapho beqala ukuzibona. Lokhu ukungena kokuphuma kwangaphakathi okungokomoya edolobheni (elimelwe abantu, impilo yabantu, indawo yokuhlala, ukudla, nokuziphatha njengezenzakalo).
I-zeitgeist egqugquzelwa umphakathi namuhla nayo iwuhlobo lomoya wasemadolobheni, ogcizelela ukufika kwesikhathi kanye nokuthuthuka nezikhathi. Kodwa uma idolobha lingenalo ifa eliqoqwe esikhathini esidlule, lingathatha kanjani indlela "ethuthukisiwe"? Kwakhiwe izifunda eziningi zasemadolobheni. Ibanga nesikali sedolobha kuye kwandiswa izikhathi eziningi. Imigwaqo ivulekile futhi yinde, futhi indawo nezingadi kusha sha. Kodwa-ke, abantu bazizwa behlukanisiwe futhi abazizwa ukuvela "kobuhle". Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinga elikhulu lenza abantu bangabi nemizwelo nentshisekelo yendabuko. Asikho isithunzi sesiko lesifunda endaweni enjalo. Idolobha alikwazi ukukhuthaza abantu, ukuthonya abantu, futhi linikeze abantu umuzwa wokuba ngabangane. Lesi yisizathu sokuthi kungani umoya wabantu ungeke usabele ekuntuleni umoya onamandla wasemadolobheni.
Ukuvela kwesiko lasemadolobheni kanye nokubukeka kwezakhiwo
Izakhiwo zivela edolobheni ngezindlela ezahlukene, futhi isakhiwo ngasinye siwuphawu olungokomfanekiso, olubonisa ukuphila kwabantu nendlela yokuphila. I-Architecture ishintsha imikhuba yokuphila nezimo zabantu, kanye nendawo yemvelo enezakhiwo njengoba umzimba oyinhloko uvumela ukuziphatha okuhlukahlukene kwabantu futhi kuthinta ukuzivumelanisa kwabantu ngokwengqondo. Isikhala sezakhiwo sinesimo somoya esihlukile ngenxa yemvelo ehlukene yendawo. Isimo somoya sendawo sihambisana nesimo somzimba nesingokwengqondo sabantu, esingadala indawo ephilayo evumelanayo nephilayo. Ingabe izinga lokuhlanganisa phakathi kwesakhiwo esingokomfanekiso sezakhiwo nesiko lesifunda liye labonakala kakhulu? Akuwona wonke amabhilidi afanele ukufakwa ngenkani kwesiko lesifunda. Lokhu kuqala kwephula isimiso esithi "isimo sezulu esivumelana nesimo somuntu", futhi okwesibili, sishintsha isiko lesifunda. Ukwehliswa isiko kanye nokwenza kube semthethweni.
Njengomzimba oyinhloko, izakhiwo zedolobha ziwukubonwa okukhulu kakhulu okubonakalayo kanye nomthombo wokuvela kokuqala. Ukungahlukanisi kanye nokufana kwesitayela sokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo kucisha ngokuqondile ukubonakaliswa ngakunye kwesitayela sasemadolobheni. Ukuma kwezakhiwo zasemadolobheni kufanele kube inhlanganisela ehlukahlukene, kodwa ukunotha kwama-facade asemadolobheni akumele kube okungcolile, ukungazithobi noma ngisho nokukhishwa ngaphandle njengendlela, ukuze ukunotha kube isiphithiphithi.
Izakhiwo ze-Bund zase-Shanghai zagxilwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye nasekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, futhi eziningi zazo zaboniswa eqoqweni lezitayela zasendulo zamakholoni njengemodeli. Isifunda Esisha sase-Pudong, esibhekene nezakhiwo zakudala zase-Europe ku-Bund, sinezakhiwo eziphakeme neziphakeme kakhulu, ezibonisa ubuso obusha be-Shanghai. Izakhiwo ezisemfuleni oseduze zifushane uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi izakhiwo ezisemfuleni okude ziphakeme ngokuqhathaniswa, zakha ubuhlobo obungemuva obumangalisayo. I-facade yezakhiwo ayihambisani. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ziye zaba zivelele futhi zaba zinhle kakhulu. Babonakala bekhombisa ukuchuma komnotho wamanje. Eqinisweni, kukhona isimo sengqondo esinolaka samandla ngaphakathi. Esikhathini sokukhanya kwedolobha ebusuku, okufanayo kuyiqiniso. Isikrini esikhulu sinemibala engalindelekile, futhi inhlanganisela evundlile, eqondile, ne-diagonal yemigqa yokukhanya nezindawo azihlangene nefomu lezakhiwo.
Isithombe sasemadolobheni kanye nomklamo wedolobha
Isithombe sedolobha sisekelwe ekuvumelaneni kweqembu lababukeli abahlukene ngezici zemvelo yendawo, futhi abantu abahlukene bazoba namaphuzu ahlukene okuthakaselayo. Isithombe esiyinhlanganisela yomphakathi esakhiwe isithombe seningi labantu empeleni sibheka isimilo nezici zedolobha, okuvusa isayikholoji yokuhlanganisa yombukeli. Isazi saseMelika u-Kevin Lynch ukholelwa kokuthi "Isithombe Sasemadolobheni" ukuthi okuqukethwe kocwaningo lwefomu lezinto ezibonakalayo emfanekisweni wedolobha kungafingqwa kube yizici ezinhlanu-imigwaqo, imingcele, izifunda, izindawo nezindawo. Abantu babona umehluko nokuthandeka kwedolobha ngokungena nolwazi lwezici ezinhlanu, ngaleyo ndlela bagweme ukudideka nokuhlonza okungacacile phakathi kwamadolobha.
Khulisa ukuhlonza abalingiswa bedolobha, lungisa isimo esibukwayo sedolobha, uqhubeke nokuvuselela amasiko edolobha, wenze idolobha lihleleke ngokwengeziwe, futhi uphathe ukusetshenziswa, ukungcola, ukumaka, ukugcwala kwezimoto, indawo eluhlaza, ifenisha yasemadolobheni, ifenisha yasemadolobheni. ubuciko, imini nobusuku, njll ekuthuthukisweni kwedolobha. Imininingwane enjalo eyisicefe iwumsebenzi obalulekile womklamo wasemadolobheni. Okugxilwe kukho ukuklama kwedolobha ubuhlobo phakathi kwabantu nendawo ezungezile nokudala izindawo zokuhlala zasemadolobheni, ukuze abantu bazizwele idolobha futhi bamukele indawo yedolobha.
Umoya wasemadolobheni kanye nesiko lesifunda kusekelwe ekuzethembeni kwabantu, ukuzethemba, nokuzithanda, futhi ekugcineni kuholela enqubekelaphambili enkulu empucukweni yomphakathi. Ukunganaki imizwa yabantu yokuba khona kanye nezimo zokuphila eziyisisekelo, idolobha elinjalo alihlanganise lutho nabantu, ingasaphathwa eyokuthi “umoya”.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-25-2021
